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 <title>Vegetarianism and Veganism</title>
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 <title>A Vegan or Vegetarian Diet Substantially Alters the Human Colonic Faecal Microbiota</title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/vegan-or-vegetarian-diet-substantially-alters-human-colonic-faecal-microbiota</link>
 <description>This study examines the levels of intestinal microbes in omnivores, vegetarians and vegans. Vegans were found to have the least and omnivores the most. This is due to not consuming contaminated meat as well as a higher intake of fruits and vegetables, which are fibrous and help keep the intestines clean. </description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/vegan-or-vegetarian-diet-substantially-alters-human-colonic-faecal-microbiota#comments</comments>
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 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/77">Food Safety, Additives or Diseases</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/83">Health, Personal Health</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/67">Vegetarian Motivations or Barriers</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/66">Vegetarian Population</category>
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 <pubDate>Fri, 20 Jan 2012 08:45:00 -0800</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Carol L. Glasser</dc:creator>
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 <title>How Readable Are Your Animal Advocacy Materials?</title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/how-readable-are-your-animal-advocacy-materials</link>
 <description>The most exciting project this new year, is the release of our latest study examining how easy it is for the average person to read and understand animal advocacy literature. Specifically, HRC partnered with VegFund and FARM to evaluate the readability of the most widely distributed vegan outreach pamphlets.</description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/how-readable-are-your-animal-advocacy-materials#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/89">Public</category>
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 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/8">Diet and Nutrition</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/79">Factory Farming</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/9">Farmed Animals</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/54">Farming Practices</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/68">Meat, Dairy, Egg Consumption</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/84">Social Marketing</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/70">Vegetarian  Social, Psychological and Moral Development</category>
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 <pubDate>Tue, 17 Jan 2012 13:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Carol L. Glasser</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">4562 at http://www.humanespot.org</guid>
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 <title>Readability of Vegan Outreach Literature</title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/readability-vegan-outreach-literature</link>
 <description>To evaluate the readability of such materials in a more robust and transparent manner, the Humane Research Council (HRC) partnered with VegFund and FARM to test a selection of outreach materials that are commonly used by vegan advocates. The average readability scores placed these materials in the range of the 11th grade reading level or higher, which is three to four grade levels higher than the average U.S. adult.</description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/readability-vegan-outreach-literature#comments</comments>
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 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/9">Farmed Animals</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/54">Farming Practices</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/117">Fishing, Commercial/Personal</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/72">Food/Product Selection or Purchase Criteria</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/68">Meat, Dairy, Egg Consumption</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/84">Social Marketing</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/70">Vegetarian  Social, Psychological and Moral Development</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/85">Vegetarian Food Products or Substitutes</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/67">Vegetarian Motivations or Barriers</category>
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 <pubDate>Tue, 17 Jan 2012 08:45:00 -0800</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>HRC Admin</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">4561 at http://www.humanespot.org</guid>
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 <title>Vegan Sexuality: Challenging Heteronormative Masculinity through Meat-free Sex</title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/vegan-sexuality-challenging-heteronormative-masculinity-through-meat-free-sex</link>
 <description>This study examines how the sexuality of vegans is addressed and reacted to by a general audience. The authors examine online responses to the idea of &quot;vegansexuals,&quot; vegans who wish to only date other vegans. The authors analyze the themes present in these responses and find that negative evaluations were attributed to vegans&#039; sexuality. </description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/vegan-sexuality-challenging-heteronormative-masculinity-through-meat-free-sex#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/89">Public</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/107">Research Citation</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/7">General Animal Protection</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/74">Psychology, Social Development, Social Motivations</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/75">Research for Academic Learning</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/66">Vegetarian Population</category>
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 <pubDate>Mon, 02 Jan 2012 08:45:00 -0800</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Carol L. Glasser</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">4544 at http://www.humanespot.org</guid>
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 <title>Where To Go From Here: Thoughts on Preventing Veg&#039;n Recidivism</title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/where-go-here-thoughts-preventing-vegn-recidivism</link>
 <description>&lt;img src=&quot;http://humanespot.org/images/PeerPressureThumb.jpg&quot; style=&quot;padding: 5px;&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; title=&quot;Image by Flickr user Joits, used under Creative Commons License&quot;&gt;Now that we have explored what recidivism can look like and offered some social factors that may inhibit veganism, what does this mean for our movement at large? How can movement leaders and individual activists take this information to encourage people to try veganism and offer the right support to keep them from backsliding?</description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/where-go-here-thoughts-preventing-vegn-recidivism#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/89">Public</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/108">Blog Entry</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/8">Diet and Nutrition</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/7">General Animal Protection</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/70">Vegetarian  Social, Psychological and Moral Development</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/67">Vegetarian Motivations or Barriers</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/66">Vegetarian Population</category>
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 <pubDate>Tue, 20 Dec 2011 10:45:00 -0800</pubDate>
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 <guid isPermaLink="false">4529 at http://www.humanespot.org</guid>
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 <title>Eating Less Meat is Good for the Environment </title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/eating-less-meat-good-environment</link>
 <description>This short article summarizes and highlights the research by the Environmental Working Group (EWG) and other studies that address the link between environmental factors and meat eating. </description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/eating-less-meat-good-environment#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/89">Public</category>
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 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/8">Diet and Nutrition</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/80">Environment</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/79">Factory Farming</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/9">Farmed Animals</category>
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 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/67">Vegetarian Motivations or Barriers</category>
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 <pubDate>Tue, 13 Dec 2011 07:45:00 -0800</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Carol L. Glasser</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">4521 at http://www.humanespot.org</guid>
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 <title>How Often Do Americans Eat Vegetarian Meals? And How Many Adults in the U.S. Are Vegan?</title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/how-many-adults-are-vegan-us</link>
 <description>This representative survey of 1,010 U.S. adults evaluates how often people eat vegetarian meals and how many vegans there are in the U.S. The survey found that about 5% of the U.S. population is vegetarian, and about half of them are vegan. </description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/how-many-adults-are-vegan-us#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/89">Public</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/107">Research Citation</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/102">Data and Statistics</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/8">Diet and Nutrition</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/71">Food Trends</category>
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 <pubDate>Sat, 10 Dec 2011 08:45:00 -0800</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Carol L. Glasser</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">4517 at http://www.humanespot.org</guid>
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 <title>Veg&#039;n Recidivism: Why is it Happening?</title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/veg%E2%80%99n-recidivism-why-it-happening</link>
 <description>&lt;img alt=&quot;Image by Flickr user omefrans, used under Creative Commons License&quot; src=&quot;http://humanespot.org/images/WomanCookingSmall.jpg&quot; style=&quot;float: left; &quot; /&gt;Advocates can use sociological theories to understand some of the social and cultural barriers to vegetarian maintenance. During the course of my interviews with ex-veg&#039;ns I found six common reasons as to why they struggled with the practice. These include family relationships, identity, the ambiguity of the veg&#039;n label, gender roles, the influence of peers, and the temporary nature of trends.</description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/veg%E2%80%99n-recidivism-why-it-happening#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/89">Public</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/108">Blog Entry</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/7">General Animal Protection</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/68">Meat, Dairy, Egg Consumption</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/70">Vegetarian  Social, Psychological and Moral Development</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/67">Vegetarian Motivations or Barriers</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/66">Vegetarian Population</category>
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 <pubDate>Fri, 09 Dec 2011 11:13:41 -0800</pubDate>
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 <title>Gender Differences in Family and Peer Reaction to the Adoption of a Vegetarian Diet</title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/gender-differences-family-and-peer-reaction-adoption-vegetarian-diet</link>
 <description>This paper examines reactions of peers and family members to college students when they decide to become vegetarian. The author found, contrary to some other research, that men had more leniency from those in their social circles. Women were often confronted with paternalism, but overcame it with what the author labeled &quot;moral resilience.&quot; </description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/gender-differences-family-and-peer-reaction-adoption-vegetarian-diet#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/89">Public</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/107">Research Citation</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/7">General Animal Protection</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/70">Vegetarian  Social, Psychological and Moral Development</category>
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 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/66">Vegetarian Population</category>
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 <pubDate>Thu, 08 Dec 2011 07:45:00 -0800</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Carol L. Glasser</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">4514 at http://www.humanespot.org</guid>
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 <title>HRC Happenings: Guest Bloggers and Grassroots Research</title>
 <link>http://www.humanespot.org/content/hrc-happenings-guest-bloggers-and-grassroots-research</link>
 <description>Do you know a small organization doing great work for animals? If so, please make sure they hear about HRC&#039;s Grassroots Research Fund, the deadline for which is now just one month away (January 1st). The group(s) we select will receive pro bono research projects of up to $5,000 to help them evaluate and improve their work and help more animals. Also, any donations to HRC during the month of December will be earmarked for the Grassroots Research Fund so that we can help even more small groups in 2012. And be sure to check out our two guest blogs from the past month covering the topics of Big Black Dog syndrome and vegetarian/vegan recidivism. Thank you for reading!  </description>
 <comments>http://www.humanespot.org/content/hrc-happenings-guest-bloggers-and-grassroots-research#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/89">Public</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/108">Blog Entry</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/1">HRC-Authored</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/100">Advocacy Strategies</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/63">Animal Advocacy</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/5">Companion Animals</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/7">General Animal Protection</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/53">Pet Adoption, Rescue or Shelters</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/52">Pet Overpopulation</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/73">Pet Ownership</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/99">Research Tools and Methods</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/70">Vegetarian  Social, Psychological and Moral Development</category>
 <category domain="http://www.humanespot.org/taxonomy/term/67">Vegetarian Motivations or Barriers</category>
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 <pubDate>Thu, 01 Dec 2011 10:45:00 -0800</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>Che Green</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">4507 at http://www.humanespot.org</guid>
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